PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.